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	<title>:::虚拟时代::: &#187; Openfiler</title>
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		<title>如何使用Openfiler为VMware ESX设置一个免费的iSCSI或NAS储存系统</title>
		<link>http://blog.microhyper.com/archives/183</link>
		<comments>http://blog.microhyper.com/archives/183#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Sep 2008 23:23:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>admin</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Featured]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[VMware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[iSCSI]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[NAS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Openfiler]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[VMware ESX]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.microhyper.com/?p=183</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>所有在此文章中提到的工具都是免费的，你不需要在软件上花一分钱来设置本系统。最终你能够建立一个集中管理的iSCSI或NAS存储系统用来存放所有ESX的客户文件、允许使用VMotion、HA和DRS服务。</p>
<p>VMware ESXi现在可以免费在这里下载。Openfiler NAS/iSCSI可以在这里免费下载。</p>
<p>一切准备就绪，现在开始。</p>
<p>首先，我们使用Openfiler来设置一个iSCSI或NAS设备。你可以从上面的[...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>所有在此文章中提到的工具都是免费的，你不需要在软件上花一分钱来设置本系统。最终你能够建立一个集中管理的iSCSI或NAS存储系统用来存放所有ESX的客户文件、允许使用VMotion、HA和DRS服务。</p>
<p>VMware ESXi现在可以<a href="http://www.vmware.com/products/esxi/">免费在这里下载</a>。Openfiler NAS/iSCSI可以在<a href="http://www.openfiler.com/community/download/">这里免费下载</a>。</p>
<p>一切准备就绪，现在开始。</p>
<p>首先，我们使用Openfiler来设置一个iSCSI或NAS设备。你可以从上面的链接来下载Openfiler，他的安装非常的简单（类似于VMware ESX）。以下是具体的步骤：</p>
<p><strong>OpenFiler的安装</strong></p>
<ol>
<li><strong>开始安装</strong></li>
<p>插入Openfiler盘到你的CD/DVD-ROM中并确认系统从CD/DVD-ROM启动。回车继续。</p>
<li><strong>启动</strong></li>
<p>按回车开始图形化安装模式</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler2.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler2.png' alt='openfiler2.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>安装</strong></li>
<p>现在出现在你面前的是初始安装画面。按Next继续。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler3.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler3.png' alt='openfiler3.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>键盘布局</strong></li>
<p>选择适合你的键盘布局。按Next继续。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler4.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler4.png' alt='openfiler4.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>磁盘分区</strong></li>
<p>我们需要在这里做手动设置。选择&#8217;Manual partition with Disk Druid&#8217;。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler6.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler6.png' alt='openfiler6.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>在系统上建立3个分区来完成Openfiler的安装：</p>
<p><strong>&#8220;/boot&#8221;</strong> &#8211; 系统及核心文件所在的启动分区<br />
<strong>&#8220;swap&#8221;</strong> &#8211; 用于内存到磁盘的交换分区<br />
<strong>&#8220;/&#8221;</strong> &#8211; 系统的主分区，所以的系统文件和库都将被安装到这里
</p>
<p><strong>创建/boot分区</strong></p>
<p>单击&#8217;New&#8217;，在出现的对话框中输入分区挂接路径&#8221;/boot&#8221;及在所选的磁盘上建立该分区（确定该磁盘是你想要安装Openfiler的，不是要给ESX服务器使用的）</p>
<p>创建boot分区所需填写的资料如下：</p>
<p>1. Mount Point: /boot <br />
2. Filesystem Type: ext3<br />
3. Allowable Drives: 就像之前说的，确定该硬盘是你想要安装Openfiler的。<br />
4. Size(MB): 100<br />
5. Additional Size Options: 选择‘Fixed Size’<br />
6. Force to be a primary partition: 打勾 (选择该选项把该分区创建为主分区)
</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler7.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler7.png' alt='openfiler7.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p><strong>创建/(root)主分区</strong><br />
单击&#8217;New&#8217;，在出现的对话框中输入分区挂接路径<strong>&#8216;/&#8217;</strong> 和大小：必须2048MB或最小1024MB.</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler8.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler8.png' alt='openfiler8.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p><strong>创建交换分区</strong><br />
单击&#8217;New&#8217;，在出现的对话框中输入分区挂接路径<strong>&#8217;swap&#8217;</strong>。大小：至少为1024MB或不超过2048MB。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler9.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler9.png' alt='openfiler9.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>单击&#8217;OK&#8217;来创建该分区。现在所有为安装Openfiler操作系统的分区都已建好。你所创建的磁盘分区表应该与下面类似。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler10.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler10.png' alt='openfiler10.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>网络配置</strong></li>
<p>现在我们来配置你的网卡（IP地址等），系统hostname和DNS参数。</p>
<p>我们必须配置至少一个网卡用于访问Openfiler的网页界面和在网络上为ESX客户传送数据。（在此阶段，你也可以选择DHCP来设置网络地址，然后简单的单击下一步进入到下一个安装画面）。</p>
<p>在&#8217;Network Devices&#8217;部分单击&#8217;Edit&#8217;，设置一个IP地址和主机名。</p>
<p>网卡设备被设置为ethX, X从数字0开始。因此第一个网络设备是eth0。</p>
<p>当设置了IP地址后，你需要输入一个主机名hostname。默认的主机名为localhost.localdomain，你需要输入一个更有代表意义的名称，如&#8217;openfiler.host.com&#8217;</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler11.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler11.png' alt='openfiler11.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler12.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler12.png' alt='openfiler12.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>时区选择</strong></li>
<p>设置默认的系统时区。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler14.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler14.png' alt='openfiler14.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>设置root系统管理员密码</strong></li>
<p>你必须设置一个root系统管理员密码。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler15.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler15.png' alt='openfiler15.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>开始正式安装</strong></li>
<p>单击&#8217;Next&#8217;，等待安装完成。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler16.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler16.png' alt='openfiler16.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler18.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler18.png' alt='openfiler18.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
</ol>
<p><strong>现在我们完成了Openfiler的安装，下一步是设置给ESX提供一些磁盘空间。</strong></p>
<ol>
<li><strong>登入到Openfiler的网页管理界面</strong></li>
<p>打开浏览器，并输入https//openfiler的IP:446。登入的用户名是openfiler, 密码是password</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler2a.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler2a.png' alt='openfiler2a.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>开启一些必须的服务</strong></li>
<p>在默认情况下，Openfiler的iSCSI和NAS服务是被禁止的。我们必须开启这些服务以便于接下来的设置。单击&#8217;Services&#8217;选项，开启iSCSI target, NFSv3 和SMB/CIFS服务。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler3a.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler3a.png' alt='openfiler3a.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>下一步我们需要创建一个用于ESX服务器磁盘分区</strong></li>
<p>单击&#8217;Volumes&#8217;选项，然后单击&#8217;Block Devices&#8217;。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler4a.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler4a.png' alt='openfiler4a.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>下一步，选择你安装了Openfiler的硬盘（应该有一些空余的空间）。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler6a.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler6a.png' alt='openfiler6a.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>在屏幕的底部你可以看到&#8217;create a partition in /dev/磁盘名&#8217;。在我的硬盘上有65GB的空余空间，所以我使用下面的属性建立了一个50GB的分区。点击&#8217;Create&#8217;。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler7a.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler7a.png' alt='openfiler7a.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>创建一个卷组(Volume Group)</strong></li>
<p>我们需要建立一个卷组，然后把上一步建立的分区加到组里。单击&#8217;Volumes&#8217;选项，创建一个卷组&#8217;ESX&#8217;并把之前建立的分区加到组里。选择&#8217;Add volume group&#8217;。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler8a.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler8a.png' alt='openfiler8a.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>在ESX卷组中创建一个iSCSI卷</strong></li>
<p>单击&#8217;Volumes&#8217;页面选择&#8217;Add volumes&#8217;。选择卷组ESX，然后建立一个新的总量。设定你所希望的磁盘大小及iSCSI文件系统。点击&#8217;Create&#8217;。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler9a.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler9a.png' alt='openfiler9a.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>建立一个iSCSI目标</strong></li>
<p>再次单击&#8217;Volumes&#8217;页面选择&#8217;iSCSI Targets&#8217;。该设置将会被描述为目标IQN，选择&#8217;Add&#8217;。</p>
<p>现在我们建立了一个默认的iSCSI目标，接下来需要映射在上一步建立的iSCSI LUN。选择&#8217;Lun Mapping&#8217;，确认之前建立的LUN然后单击&#8217;map&#8217;。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfiler10a.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfiler10a.png' alt='openfiler10a.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>在Network ACL页面，单击所提供的链接，它将会把ESX服务器加入到ACL列表中。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfileracl1.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfileracl1.png' alt='openfileracl1.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>下一步添加ESX主机列表。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfileracl3.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfileracl3.png' alt='openfileracl3.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>然后把主机加到LUN并确认设置为允许&#8217;Allow&#8217;。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/openfileracl4.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_openfileracl4.png' alt='openfileracl4.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
</ol>
<p>好，我们现在可以移到VMware Virtual Infrastructure Client，在那里我们可以增加iSCSI卷并格式化成VMFS以便用于做虚拟机。</p>
<p><strong>配置一个ESX服务器用于Openfiler iSCSI LUN</strong><br />
假设你现在已经安装了ESX 3.x并且设置了vmotion接口和开启了该功能。</p>
<ol>
<li>配置ESX防火墙允许iSCSI软件访问。</li>
<p>登入到VI客户，选择你所以配置的ESX服务器，点击&#8217;configuration&#8217;页面。选择&#8217;security profile&#8217;，&#8217;properties&#8217;。确定选择iSCSI。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/vmwareiscsi1.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_vmwareiscsi1.png' alt='vmwareiscsi1.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/vmwareiscsi3.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_vmwareiscsi3.png' alt='vmwareiscsi3.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>开启iSCSI软件</strong></li>
<p>在同一个&#8217;configuration&#8217;页面，选择&#8217;storage adapters&#8217;, &#8216;iSCSI Software Adapter&#8217;, 然后&#8217;properties&#8217;。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/vmwareiscsi5.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_vmwareiscsi5.png' alt='vmwareiscsi5.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>在&#8217;general&#8217;页面，选择&#8217;configure&#8217;和&#8217;enable&#8217;该适配器。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/vmwareiscsi6.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_vmwareiscsi6.png' alt='vmwareiscsi6.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>在&#8217;Dynamic Discovert&#8217;页面，添加Openfiler服务器的地址（使用默认端口）。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/vmwareiscsi7.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_vmwareiscsi7.png' alt='vmwareiscsi7.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<li><strong>查找新的iSCSI LUN</strong></li>
<p>在同一个&#8217;configuration&#8217;页面，选择&#8217;storage adapters&#8217;，然后&#8217;Rescan&#8217;。为VMFS分区和HBA同时选&#8217;options&#8217;。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/vmwareiscsi8.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_vmwareiscsi8.png' alt='vmwareiscsi8.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>当查找完成后，你应该可以在&#8217;storage&#8217;部分看到新的卷。</p>
<li><strong>格式化iSCSI卷到VMFS</strong></li>
<p>在同一个&#8217;configuration&#8217;页面，选择&#8217;add storage&#8217;。</p>
<div class="captionfull"><a class="thickbox" rel="" href='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/vmwareiscsi9.png' title=''><img src='http://blog.microhyper.com/wp-content/gallery/openfiler/thumbs/thumbs_vmwareiscsi9.png' alt='vmwareiscsi9.png' class='ngg-singlepic ngg-none' /></a></div>
<p>选择‘Disk/Lun’并单击下一步。</p>
<p>你现在应该可以看到刚建立的iSCSI，以每块1mb大小格式化磁盘。
</ol>
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